FINAL YEAR PROJECTS

NS2 PROJECTS

IEEE based Computer Science CSE NS2 Projects for MTech / MS / BE / BTech / MCA / M.Sc Final Year students. These projects allow students to gain practical experience and showcase their skills to potential employers through proper documentation, plagiarism-free reports, and source code.

NS2 Projects

NS2 / NS3 Projects For Final Year Students

Final year computer science students can choose to work on a wide range of NS2 / NS3 projects in any of the programming tools like NS2 and NS3.

1000+ IEEE Projects • 250+ Domains

1000+ IEEE Projects

Offering more than 120 domains in all branches with world class projects

Expert Teachers

Having a team of highly qualified trainers having 5+ years experience

Unlimited Access

All the Projects content and videos available in Ameerpet portal

NS2 Projects List

Here the list of Popular NS2 Projects include VANET, MANET, Wireless Communication and Mobile Computing.

View All Projects
S.NOPROJECT TITLESABSTRACT
AP5WC1Intelligent Urban Cities Optimal Path Selection Based on Ad Hoc NetworkAbstract
AP5WC2Dispersal Foraging Strategy With Cuckoo Search Optimization Based Path Planning in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle NetworksAbstract
AP5WC3Adaptive Antenna Impedance Matching Using Low-Complexity Shallow Learning ModelAbstract
AP5WC4A Survey of Resource Management in D2D Communication for B5G NetworksAbstract
AP5WC5Intelligent Driver Model-Based Vehicular Ad Hoc Network Communication in Real-Time Using 5G New Radio Wireless NetworksAbstract
AP5WC6Side-Channel Resistant 2048-Bit RSA Implementation for Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of ThingsAbstract
AP5WC7Secure Relay Selection with Outdated CSI in Cooperative Wireless Vehicular Networks A DQN ApproachAbstract
AP5WC8Decentralized Federated Learning Over Slotted ALOHA Wireless Mesh NetworkingAbstract
AP5WC9Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm Optimized DV-Hop for Wireless Sensor Network CoverageAbstract
AP5WC10A Blockchain-Based Deep-Learning-Driven Architecture for Quality Routing in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC11Detection of Denial-of-Service Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks A Lightweight Machine Learning ApproachAbstract
AP5WC12A Novel Mechanism for Misbehavior Detection in Vehicular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC13An Antenna Solution for Glacial Environmental Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC14An Efficient Approach for the Detection and Prevention of Gray-Hole Attacks in VANETsAbstract
AP5WC15Location Optimization Based on Improved 3D DV-HOP Algorithm in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC16Distributed Intermittent Fault Diagnosis in Wireless Sensor Network Using Likelihood Ratio TestAbstract
AP5WC17Link Characterization and Edge-Centric Predictive Modeling in an Ocean NetworkAbstract
AP5WC18Impact of ICT Latency Data Loss and Data Corruption on Active Distribution Network ControlAbstract
AP5WC19An Efficient Authenticated Elliptic Curve Cryptography Scheme for Multicore Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC20ML-RPL Machine Learning-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Smart Grid NetworksAbstract
AP5WC21An Energy-Efficient Hybrid Clustering Technique EEHCT for IoT-Based Multilevel Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC22A Hybrid Proactive Caching System in Vehicular Networks Based on Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit LearningAbstract
AP5WC23An Anonymous Authentication With Received Signal Strength Based Pseudonymous Identities Generation for VANETsAbstract
AP5WC24Machine Learning Empowered Emerging Wireless Networks in 6G Recent Advancements Challenges and Future TrendsAbstract
AP5WC25Energy Saving Multi-Relay Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Hw Sw MPSoC SystemAbstract
AP5WC26A Sensing Communication and Computing Approach for Vulnerable Road Users SafetyAbstract
AP5WC27Challenges and Solutions for Service Continuity in Inter-PLMN Handover for Vehicular ApplicationsAbstract
AP5WC28Adaptive Sampling Approach Exploiting Spatio-Temporal Correlation and Residual Energy in Periodic Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC295G Aviation Networks Using Novel AI Approach for DDoS DetectionAbstract
AP5WC30A2T-Boost An Adaptive Cell Selection Approach for 5G SDN-Based Vehicular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC31CDEIR Intelligent Routing for Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks Using BUG AlgorithmAbstract
AP5WC32An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Three-Dimensional Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks With Time Synchronization and Power ControlAbstract
AP5WC33A Cross-Layer Solution for Contention Control to Enhance TCP Performance in Wireless Ad-Hoc NetworksAbstract
AP5WC34EN-LAKP Lightweight Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol for Emerging NetworksAbstract
AP5WC35Cost-Aware DU Placement and Flow Routing in 5G Packet xHaul NetworksAbstract
AP5WC36Deep Reinforcement Learning for the Co-Optimization of Vehicular Flow Direction Design and Signal Control Policy for a Road NetworkAbstract
AP5WC37Fall Risk Prediction Using Wireless Sensor Insoles With Machine LearningAbstract
AP5WC38Opportunistic Backscatter Communication Protocol Underlying Energy Harvesting IoT NetworksAbstract
AP5WC39Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering and Routing for Wearable IoT Enabled Wireless Body Area NetworksAbstract
AP5WC40Handover Reduction in 5G High-Speed Network Using ML-Assisted User-Centric Channel AllocationAbstract
AP5WC41Methodology and Performance Assessment of Three-Dimensional Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network SimulationAbstract
AP5WC42A Conformal Leaky-Wave Antenna Design for IoMT-Based WBANsAbstract
AP5WC43A Survey of Sybil Attack Countermeasures in Underwater Sensor and Acoustic NetworksAbstract
AP5WC44WSN Clustering Routing Algorithm Combining Sine Cosine Algorithm and Lvy MutationAbstract
AP5WC45Optimal Wireless Sensor Networks Allocation for Wooded Areas Using Quantum-Behaved Swarm Optimization AlgorithmsAbstract
AP5WC46Resource Allocation in Multi-Cluster Cognitive Radio Networks With Energy Harvesting for Hybrid Multi-Channel AccessAbstract
AP5WC47A Fresh Look at Routing Protocols in Unmanned Aerial Vehicular Networks A SurveyAbstract
AP5WC48Using Neural Network and Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm for Link Adaptation Strategy in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworkAbstract
AP5WC49LCSS Based Sybil Attack Detection and Avoidance in Clustered Vehicular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC50A Lightweight User Authentication Scheme for Multi-Gateway Based Wireless Sensor Networks Using Rabin CryptosystemAbstract
AP5WC51Reinforcement Learning for Delay Tolerance and Energy Saving in Mobile Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC52Optimized Range-Free Localization Scheme Using Autonomous Groups Particles Swarm Optimization for Anisotropic Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC53Energy Cooperation Among Sustainable Base Stations in Multi-Operator Cellular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC54Trust-Based Distributed Set-Membership Filtering for Target Tracking Under Network AttacksAbstract
AP5WC55Generalized Defensive Modeling of Malware Propagation in WSNs Using AtanganaBaleanu Caputo ABC Fractional DerivativeAbstract
AP5WC56Toward the Design of an Efficient and Secure System Based on the Software-Defined Network Paradigm for Vehicular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC57Pizzza A Joint Sector Shape and Minimum Spanning Tree-Based Clustering Scheme for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC58Efficient Cluster Heads Selection Based on Index-Modulation in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC59Compact Self-Isolated Four-Element MIMO Antenna for WLAN and ISM Bands ApplicationAbstract
AP5WC60Malicious Node Detection Using Machine Learning and Distributed Data Storage Using Blockchain in WSNsAbstract
AP5WC61A Blockchain System for TDMA-Based Tactical Wireless Networks With Constrained ResourcesAbstract
AP5WC62A Lightweight Authentication Framework for Fault-Tolerant Distributed WSNAbstract
AP5WC63Optimized MAC Protocol Using Fuzzy-Based Framework for Cognitive Radio AdHoc NetworksAbstract
AP5WC64Cluster-Based Protocol for Prioritized Message Communication in VANETAbstract
AP5WC65Congestion Control in Autonomous Resource Selection of Cellular-V2XAbstract
AP5WC66A New Low-Noise I-Squared Buck Converter Suitable for Wireless Sensor Networks With Dual-Current-Acceleration TechniquesAbstract
AP5WC67A Multi-Hop QoS-Aware and Predicting Link Quality Estimation PLQE Routing Protocol for Reliable WBSNAbstract
AP5WC68A New Unsupervised Validation Index Model Suitable for Energy-Efficient Clustering Techniques in VANETAbstract
AP5WC69MAC Protocol for Two-Tier Underwater Wireless Networks With Distance-Dependent Propagation Delay VariationAbstract
AP5WC70Identifying Bearing Faults Using Multiscale Residual Attention and Multichannel Neural NetworkAbstract
AP5WC71An Online Learning Approach to Shortest Path and Backpressure Routing in Wireless NetworksAbstract
AP5WC72MD-MARS Maintainability Framework Based on Data Flow Prediction Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines Algorithm in Wireless Sensor NetworkAbstract
AP5WC73Wireless Sensor Networks for Water Quality Monitoring A comprehensive reviewAbstract
AP5WC74Simulative Survey of Flooding Attacks in Intermittently Connected Vehicular Delay Tolerant NetworksAbstract
AP5WC75Reliable and Secure Short-Packet Communications in Untrusted Diamond Relay NetworksAbstract
AP5WC76FC-PA Fog Computing-Based Pseudonym Authentication Scheme in 5G-Enabled Vehicular NetworksAbstract
AP5WC77Trust Management in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks Extensive SurveyAbstract
AP5WC78Low-Latency Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocols for Underwater Acoustic NetworksAbstract
AP5WC79Detecting and Preventing False Nodes and Messages in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networking VANETAbstract
AP5WC80Logistics UAV Air Route Network Capacity Evaluation Method Based on Traffic Flow AllocationAbstract
AP5WC81Dual-Tier Cluster-Based Routing in Mobile Wireless Sensor Network for IoT ApplicationAbstract
AP5WC82A Sierpinski Arrowhead Curve Slot Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Head Imaging SystemAbstract
AP5WC83GS-MAC A Scalable and Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Greenhouse Monitoring and Control Using Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC84Vehicle Path Planning Based on Pedestrian Collision Avoidance ActionAbstract
AP5WC85A Method-Level Defect Prediction Approach Based on Structural Features of Method-Calling NetworkAbstract
AP5WC86Autonomous Decentralized Spectral Clustering for Hierarchical Routing of Multi-Hop Wireless NetworksAbstract
AP5WC87Machine Learning Prediction Based Adaptive Duty Cycle MAC Protocol for Solar Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
AP5WC88Byzantine-Resilient Secure Federated Learning on Low-Bandwidth NetworksAbstract
AP5WC89A DRL-Based Automated Algorithm Selection Framework for Cross-Layer QoS-Aware Scheduling and Antenna Allocation in Massive MIMO SystemsAbstract
AP5WC90A DL-Enabled Relay Node Placement and Selection Framework in Multicellular NetworksAbstract
NS2WC1Component Based Self-Healing Approach for Fault-Tolerant Data Aggregation in WSNAbstract
NS2WC2Cognitive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Aided Human Bond Communication System: Modeling and Performance AnalysisAbstract
NS2WC3STLGBM-DDS: An Efficient Data Balanced DoS Detection System for Wireless Sensor Networks on Big Data EnvironmentAbstract
NS2WC4Spectrum and Energy-Efficiency Maximization in RIS-Aided IoT NetworksAbstract
NS2WC5Counterfeit Clones A Novel Technique for Source and Sink Location Privacy in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC6Low-Power Wide-Area Networks: A Broad Overview of Its Different AspectsAbstract
NS2WC7Message Scheduling in Blockchain Based IoT Environment with Additional Fog Broker LayerAbstract
NS2WC8Pollution Severity Monitoring of High Voltage Transmission Line Insulators Using Wireless Device Based on Leakage Current BurstsAbstract
NS2WC9Design of an agile training system based on Wireless Mesh NetworkAbstract
NS2WC10Priority and Traffic-aware Contention-based Medium Access Control Scheme for Multi-event Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC11Efficient Anonymous Authentication for Wireless Body Area NetworksAbstract
NS2WC12PSEBVC: Provably Secure ECC and Biometric Based Authentication Framework Using Smartphone for Vehicular Cloud EnvironmentAbstract
NS2WC13Coverage and Energy-Efficiency Experimental Test Performance for a Comparative Evaluation of Unlicensed LPWAN: LoRaWAN and SigFoxAbstract
NS2WC14Optimized Distributive Cross-Layer and Thermal-Aware Convergecast Protocol for Wireless Body Area NetworkAbstract
NS2WC15Robust Localization System using Vector Combination in Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC16Design a Wireless Pressure Sensor with an Ellipse and a Circular Shape to Monitor the Pressure within the Coronary ArteryAbstract
NS2WC17Message-Passing-Based Joint User Association and Time Allocation for Wireless Powered Communication NetworksAbstract
NS2WC18Modeling and Verification of Symbolic Distributed Applications through an Intelligent Monitoring AgentAbstract
NS2WC19Experimental Demonstration of Delay-Bounded Wireless Network Based on Precise Time SynchronizationAbstract
NS2WC20Realistic Deployment of Hybrid Wireless Sensor Networks based on ZigBee and LoRa for Search and Rescue ApplicationsAbstract
NS2WC21A Narrow Beam Steering Antenna Array for Indoor Positioning Systems Based on Wireless Sensor NetworkAbstract
NS2WC22A Fault-Tolerant and Secure Architecture for Key Management in LoRaWAN Based on Permissioned BlockchainAbstract
NS2WC23A Blockchain Footprint for Authentication of IoT-Enabled Smart Devices in Smart Cities: State-of-the-Art Advancements, Challenges and Future Research DirectionsAbstract
NS2WC24IPFS and Blockchain Based Reliability and Availability Improvement for Integrated RiversÕ Streamflow DataAbstract
NS2WC25Traffic Prediction and Fast Uplink for Hidden Markov IoT ModelsAbstract
NS2WC26A Frequency-Time Synchronization Scheme for Real-Time Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC27STAR-RIS Integrated Nonorthogonal Multiple Access and Over-the-Air Federated Learning Framework, Analysis, and OptimizationAbstract
NS2WC28A Computationally Efficient Connectivity Index for Weighted Directed Graphs With Application to Underwater Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC29Fault-tolerant partition resolvability in mesh related networks and applicationsAbstract
NS2WC30An Improved Equal Hierarchical Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for EH-WSNs to Enhance Balanced Utilization of Harvested EnergyAbstract
NS2WC31A Concealed Based Approach for Secure Transmission in Advanced Metering InfrastructureAbstract
NS2WC32CDPM A Combinational Data Prediction Model for Data Transmission Reduction in WSNAbstract
NS2WC33Robust H° Network Observer-Based Attack-Tolerant Path Tracking Control of Autonomous Ground VehicleAbstract
NS2WC34A Novel Blockchain Based Secured and QoS Aware IoT Vehicular Network in Edge Cloud ComputingAbstract
NS2WC35DE-SEP: Distance and Energy Aware Stable Election Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor NetworkAbstract
NS2WC36Efficient Energy Mechanism in Heterogeneous WSNs for Underground Mining Monitoring ApplicationsAbstract
NS2WC37Anomaly Detection in Self-Organizing Networks Conventional Versus Contemporary Machine LearningAbstract
NS2WC38CNN-LSTM: Hybrid Deep Neural Network for Network Intrusion Detection SystemAbstract
NS2WC39Securing Real-Time Video Surveillance Data in Vehicular Cloud Computing: A SurveyAbstract
NS2WC40ICIC: A Dual Mode Intra-Cluster and Inter-Cluster Energy Minimization Approach for Multihop WSNAbstract
NS2WC41A Novelty of Hypergraph Clustering Model (HGCM) for Urban Scenario in VANETAbstract
NS2WC42Effective Flow Table Space Management Using Policy-Based Routing Approach in Hybrid SDN NetworkAbstract
NS2WC43A Reliable Self-Adaptive Scheduling Control Protocol for Cellular V2X Mode 4Abstract
NS2WC44Experimental Demonstration and Evaluation of BCH-Coded UWOC Link for Power-Efficient Underwater Sensor NodesAbstract
NS2WC45A Verifiably Secure ECC Based Authentication Scheme for Securing IoD using FANETAbstract
NS2WC46Blockchain framework for Cognitive Sensor Network using Non-Cooperative Game TheoryAbstract
NS2WC47Affinity Propagation and Chaotic Lion Swarm Optimization Based Clustering for Wireless Sensor NetworksAbstract
NS2WC48Soil Moisture Monitoring Through UAS-Assisted Internet of Things LoRaWAN Wireless Underground SensorsAbstract
NS2WC49Traffic Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Principal Component Analysis and Deep Convolution Neural NetworkAbstract
NS2WC50A Novel Architectural Framework on IoT Ecosystem, Security Aspects and Mechanisms: A Comprehensive SurveyAbstract
NS2VT1A Survey of Vehicular Network Systems for Road Traffic ManagementAbstract
NS2VT2Mobility-Aware Edge Caching for Minimizing Latency in Vehicular NetworksAbstract
NS2VT3Impact of Block Data Components on the Performance of Blockchain-Based VANET Implemented on Hyperledger FabricAbstract
NS2VT4A Review on VANET Research: Perspective of Recent Emerging TechnologiesAbstract
NS2VT5Misbehavior Detection for Position Falsification Attacks in VANETs Using Machine LearningAbstract
NS2VT6A Survey of VANET/V2X Routing From the Perspective of Non-Learning- and Learning-Based ApproachesAbstract
NS2VT7A Conditional Privacy-Preserving Certificateless Aggregate Signature Scheme in the Standard Model for VANETsAbstract
NS2VT8A novelty of Hypergraph Clustering Model (HGCM) for Urban Scenario in VANETAbstract
NS2VT9LIDAR and Position-Aided mmWave Beam Selection With Non-Local CNNs and Curriculum TrainingAbstract
NS2VT10Optimal Sensor Placement for Source Localization: A Unified ADMM ApproachAbstract
NS2VT11Network Traffic Prediction Model Considering Road Traffic Parameters Using Artificial Intelligence Methods in VANETAbstract
NS2VT12Optimizing Gradient Methods for IoT ApplicationsAbstract
NS2VT13Throughput Maximization for Backscatter- and Cache-Assisted Wireless Powered UAV TechnologyAbstract
NS2VT14An Intelligent Machine Learning Based Routing Scheme for VANETAbstract
NS2VT15Millimeter-Wave Mobile Sensing and Environment Mapping Models, Algorithms and ValidationAbstract
NS2VT16Traffic Aware Data Gathering Protocol for VANETsAbstract
NS2VT17Two-layer Distributed Content Caching for Infotainment Applications in VANETsAbstract
NS2VT18Time-slot Reservation and Channel Switching using Markovian Model for Multi-channel TDMA MAC in VANETsAbstract
NS2VT19Deep Learning on Multimodal Sensor Data at the Wireless Edge for Vehicular NetworkAbstract
NS2VT20Wireless Sensor Network as a Mesh: Vision and ChallengesAbstract
NS2VT21Cascaded Composite Turbulence and Misalignment: Statistical Characterization and Applications to Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Empowered Wireless SystemsAbstract
NS2VT22The Effects of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication Reliability on Performance of Signalized Intersection Traffic ControlAbstract
NS2VT23Data Dissemination in VANETs Using Clustering and Probabilistic Forwarding Based on Adaptive Jumping Multi-Objective Firefly OptimizationAbstract
NS2VT24A Comprehensive Survey on Cooperative Intersection Management for Heterogeneous Connected VehiclesAbstract
NS2VT25Distributed Ledger Technology Based Architecture for Decentralized Device-to-Device Communication NetworkAbstract
NS2VT26Machine Learning Based Misbehaviour Detection in VANET Using Consecutive BSM ApproachAbstract
NS2VT27Neighbor Discovery for VANET With Gossip Mechanism and Multipacket ReceptionAbstract
NS2VT28A Novel Deep Reinforcement Learning based Relay Selection for Broadcasting in Vehicular Ad hoc NetworksAbstract
NS2VT29Detecting Sybil Attacks using Proofs of Work and Location in VANETsAbstract
NS2VT30W-GeoR: Weighted Geographical Routing for VANETÕs Health Monitoring Applications in Urban Traffic NetworksAbstract
NS2VT31Hybrid Genetic Firefly Algorithm-Based Routing Protocol for VANETsAbstract
NS2VT32Reliability-Aware Multi-Objective Optimization-Based Routing Protocol for VANETs Using Enhanced Gaussian Mutation Harmony SearchingAbstract
NS2VT33A Novel Blockchain Based Secured and QoS Aware IoT Vehicular Network in Edge Cloud ComputingAbstract
NS2VT34Enhanced Wi-Fi RTT Ranging: A Sensor-Aided Learning ApproachAbstract
NS2VT35A Comprehensive Review of Computing Paradigms, Enabling Computation Offloading and Task Execution in Vehicular NetworksAbstract
NS2VT36CTMF: Context-Aware Trust Management Framework for Internet of VehiclesAbstract
NS2VT37Index Coded - NOMA in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworksAbstract
NS2VT38Cauchy Density-based Algorithm for VANETs Clustering in 3D Road EnvironmentsAbstract
NS2VT39An Evolutionary Algorithm-Based Vehicular Clustering Technique for VANETsAbstract
NS2VT40Target-Barrier Coverage Improvement in an Insecticidal Lamps Internet of UAVsAbstract
NS2VT41Impact of Wireless Energy Transfer Strategies on the Secrecy Performance of Untrustworthy Relay NetworksAbstract
NS2VT42Energy and Age Pareto Optimal Trajectories in UAV-assisted Wireless Data CollectionAbstract
NS2VT43A Region-based Collaborative Management Scheme for Dynamic Clustering in Green VANETAbstract
NS2VT44OPTOS: A Strategy of Online Pre-Filtering Task Offloading System in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworksAbstract
NS2VT45Speed and Position Aware Dynamic Routing for Emergency Message Dissemination in VANETsAbstract
NS2VT46Communication-efficient Coordinated RSS-based Distributed Passive Localization via Drone ClusterAbstract

Contact Us

Have questions or need help? Use the form to reach out and we will be in touch with you as quickly as possible.

NS2 Projects description

Here are course descriptions related to Programming and Frameworks which will help you to gaining a thorough knowledge of the course.

View All Courses

Final Year Projects FAQs

Here are answers to some questions related to Computer Science NS2 Simulation Projects for Final Year Students which are frequently asked by engineering students.

View All FAQs

NS2 (Network Simulator 2) is an open-source network simulation tool widely used by researchers and network professionals to simulate and evaluate the performance of network protocols and applications.

NS2 is primarily written in C++ and supports Tcl (Tool Command Language) scripting for network configuration and simulation scenarios.

NS2 provides a library of network protocols that can be simulated by incorporating the corresponding protocol modules into your simulation script. You can enable or disable specific protocols and configure their parameters as required.

NS2 provides traffic generators such as FTP, CBR (Constant Bit Rate), and TCP applications that can be used to generate traffic flows in network simulations. You can configure the parameters of these traffic generators to simulate specific scenarios.

NS2 supports network visualization using tools like Network Animator (NAM) or Xgraph. These tools allow you to visualize the network topology, traffic flows, and monitor various performance metrics during the simulation.

On a variety of operating systems, including Linux and macOS, NS2 can be installed. Downloading the source code, setting up dependencies, compiling the code, and setting up the environment are all common steps in the installation process.

Network topologies in NS2 are defined using the Tcl scripting language. You can create nodes, links, and specify their properties such as bandwidth, delay, and queue sizes to define the network structure.

Yes, NS2 allows you to customize existing protocols or develop your own protocols by extending the base functionality provided by the simulator. This involves modifying existing protocol modules or creating new modules as per your requirements.

NS2 provides built-in tools and output trace files that capture various metrics during the simulation. You can analyze these trace files using tools like AWK or MATLAB to extract performance metrics such as packet loss, throughput, delay, and other relevant statistics.

Yes, there are several extensions and alternative simulators available that enhance or provide alternatives to NS2. Examples include NS3 (a successor to NS2), OMNeT++, OPNET, and QualNet, each with their own features, advantages, and specific use cases.