Abstract:
In recent years, renewable energy sources have replaced synchronous generators (SGs) in traditional power plants. Due to their functioning, electronic power converters connected renewable generation plants to power grids cannot provide the same power generation services as SGs.
Recent electronic converter control methods have attempted to imitate SG performance, culminating in grid-forming converters (GFCs). This research offers a reactive power synchronization (RPS)-based GFC control solution that decouples the synchronizing power and active power control of a converter-connected renewable energy source.
This study compares batteries, PV plants, and full-converter wind turbines. The study also presents models and controls for each source, whose dynamics greatly impact renewable energy plant grid services. when that, the study offers a GFC-RPS control system and tests it in various applications, such as inertial response, which supplies electricity instantly when a grid experiences a load variation.
PV plants can only provide these services while not at full power, unlike storage systems and wind turbines. The study also confirms the GFC-RPS converter output terminal AC voltage regulation approach.
Finally, the article evaluates GFC hot swapping during the grid-connected-to-isolated mode transition while feeding a dynamic load. Both voltage and frequency remained stable, proving that the proposed GFC-RPS control behaves like a typical SG and is a real voltage source.
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